Willan Publishing

The Dynamics of Desistance

Charting pathways through change

Deirdre Healy (University College Dublin Institute of Criminology)


International Series on Desistance and Rehabilitation (Series editor: Stephen Farrall, Sheffield University)
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It is well-established that the majority of offenders cease to commit crime in early adulthood but the mechanisms behind the shift from a criminal to a conventional lifestyle are not fully understood. This book aims to contribute to this nascent area of inquiry by providing a phenomenological account of the psychosocial processes involved in desistance from crime. Drawing on a variety of methods, including in-depth interviews with repeat offenders and their probation officers, police records and psychometric scores, this book charts the early stages of a journey taken by individuals who exist in the liminal space ‘betwixt and between’ crime and convention. Their progress is followed over a four-year period.

The book uses a combination of quantitative and qualitative analysis to explore the shifts that occur in desisters’ minds and lives as they make the often turbulent transition to a crime-free life. It attempts to illuminate the ‘black box’ of change and describe the dynamic processes that occur at the psychosocial boundary. The theoretical and practical implications of the findings are explored in relation to key issues in the desistance literature. A tentative model of desistance is proposed and potential applications of the findings to probation supervision are suggested.

The Dynamics of Desistance:
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Provides insight into the early stages of desistance, which have yet to be examined in detail and are under-theorised;

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By charting rates of desistance over time, provides a long-term perspective on change;

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Explores the role of agency and attempts to disentangle the processes by which the individual and the social context interact;

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Offers a comprehensive and detailed investigation of pathways to and from desistance;

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Finally, since the bulk of desistance research has been conducted in the UK and the USA, the book provides an opportunity to examine whether desistance findings are relevant in a different socio-cultural context, namely the Republic of Ireland.

Desistance is a growing field and is fast becoming a clearly demarcated area of research with its own paradigms of inquiry. The Dynamics of Desistance provides a key resource for: academics working in the field of desistance research; post-graduate and other students completing studies in the areas of probation, resettlement, desistance, criminal careers, or decision making in the criminal justice system; policymakers and other personnel working in the field of criminal justice; practitioners involved in probation, social work and parole supervision.




Contents

Preface
1 Desistance and reintegration
Crime across the life course
Different shades of grey
Understanding desistance
Rehabilitation and reintegration
2 Issues and challenges
Agency, cognition and identity: the psychology of desistance
Social bonds, society and culture: the contexts of change
Opening the 'black box'
Liminality and change: offenders on the threshold
3 Person and place
Setting the scene
Exploring psychosicial pathways
Profiling offenders in transition
4 Thinking, attitudes and social circumstances
Defining desistance
Secondary desistance: a psychometric analysis
Primary desistance: a psychometric analysis
A psychosocial model
5 Multiple roads to desistance
Becoming 'normal'
Curved pathways
Going round in circles
6 Into the crucible
Shame, redemption and the past
Creating a new self
Barriers, coping and social support
7 A catalyst for change?
Advising, assisting and befriending
Support or surveillance?
Experiences of probation
Facilitators and constraints
8 Looking forward
Desistance: a long-term perspective
Nature and extent of re-offending
Who desists?
9 Betwixt and between

Turning points, transitions and transformations
Ever-decreasing circles
Re-constructing reality: the role of personal myths
Desistance in practice: a new agenda?
Appendix 1
References
Index

About Deirdre Healy Deirdre Healy is an IRCHSS Post-Doctoral Research Fellow at the Institute of Criminology, University College Dublin.

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